MALACAÑANG
M a n i l aPRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1975
AMENDING PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1835
WHEREAS, Presidential Decree No. 1835 codified the various laws on anti-subversion and increased the penalties for membership in subversive organization;
WHEREAS, Presidential Decree No. 1835 imposed, among others, the penalties of forfeiture of rights as a citizen of the Philippines and confiscation of real or personal properties in favor of the State;
WHEREAS, in the spirit of reconciliation the State desires to temper the penalties imposed under Presidential Decree No. 1835;
NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Republic of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers in me vested by the Constitution, do hereby decree as follows:
Section 1. Section 4 of Presidential Decree No. 1835 is hereby amended to read as follows:
"Sec. 4. Whoever knowingly, willfully and by overt acts of affiliates with, becomes or remains a member of, a subversive association or organization as defined in Section 2 hereof, whether committed within or outside the territorial jurisdiction of the Philippines,...
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Presidential Decrees
Amending Presidential Decree No. 1835
Presidential Decree No. 1975
Summary of Presidential Decree No. 1975 Amending Presidential Decree No. 1835
Penalties for Membership in Subversive Organizations
- Knowingly, willfully, and by overt acts affiliating with, becoming, or remaining a member of a subversive organization (Section 2):
- Punishable by reclusion temporal (imprisonment from 12 years and 1 day to 20 years)
- Permanently disqualified from holding public office and exercising the right to vote (if a Philippine citizen)
- Second conviction: reclusion perpetua (imprisonment from 20 years and 1 day to 40 years)
- Subsequent convictions: reclusion perpetua to death
- Alien convicted: deported immediately after serving the sentence
- If the member is an officer, ranking leader, or takes up arms against the government (Section 2):
- Punishable by reclusion perpetua to death with accessory penalties under the Revised Penal Code
- Conspiracy to overthrow the government or remove territory from allegiance (Section 4):
- Punishable by reclusion temporal with accessory penalties under the Revised Penal Code
Penalties for Membership in Subversive Organizations
- Knowingly, willfully, and by overt acts affiliating with, becoming, or remaining a member of a subversive organization (Section 2):
- Punishable by reclusion temporal (imprisonment from 12 years and 1 day to 20 years)
- Permanently disqualified from holding public office and exercising the right to vote (if a Philippine citizen)
- Second conviction: reclusion perpetua (imprisonment from 20 years and 1 day to 40 years)
- Subsequent convictions: reclusion perpetua to death
- Alien convicted: deported immediately after serving the sentence
- If the member is an officer, ranking leader, or takes up arms against the government (Section 2):
- Punishable by reclusion perpetua to death with accessory penalties under the Revised Penal Code
- Conspiracy to overthrow the government or remove territory from allegiance (Section 4):
- Punishable by reclusion temporal with accessory penalties under the Revised Penal Code