Both theoretical concepts and landmark cases are crucial for understanding and applying the law.

First Year Law School Subjects: Overview + Study Resources

Published on July 16, 2025 | Updated on July 16, 2025
Reviewed by Attorney Raymond Rodis

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Starting law school in the Philippines can feel like stepping into a whirlwind of horror stories—endless mountains of readings, nerve-wracking recitations, and sleepless nights. Feeling overwhelmed or anxious when you hear about the intense workload and pressure is normal. 

But don’t worry! While law school is challenging, knowing what to expect and having the right resources can make a huge difference in handling your first year. 

In this article, we’ll break down the core subjects you’ll encounter in your first year of law school and share some practical study resources to help you stay on top of your game. So, stick around and read on—you’ve got this!

First Semester Subjects

Philosophy of Law

The Philosophy of Law introduces you to major legal theories such as natural law, legal positivism, and legal realism. You will explore the purpose of law in society and the fundamental question of what makes a rule legally binding. 

The course also examines the goals of legal education, helping you understand why lawyers are trained to think critically and argue persuasively. This subject encourages you to reflect on the law's ethical and societal role, informing your approach to all other subjects.

Legal Research and Writing

Legal Research and Writing teaches you to find, analyze, and use legal sources effectively. You will learn how to navigate law libraries, online databases, and case digests to research statutes, jurisprudence, and secondary materials. 

The subject also covers the basics of legal writing, including how to draft case briefs, legal memoranda, and pleadings. These skills are essential for success in law school, as most classes require you to present well-researched and well-written arguments.

Legal Methods

Legal Methods focuses on the techniques of logical reasoning and statutory interpretation. You will learn to break down legal problems, identify relevant rules, and apply them to specific facts. 

The course covers various methods of interpreting statutes, such as the literal, purposive, and contextual approaches. Mastering these methods will help you answer hypothetical questions in exams and understand how courts resolve ambiguities in the law.

Constitutional Law I

Constitutional Law I introduces the 1987 Philippine Constitution, its nature, and structure. You will study its parts and the various methods of constitutional interpretation, such as those applied in Manila Prince Hotel vs. GSIS. 

The subject covers essential doctrines like sovereignty, state immunity, separation of powers, and judicial review. Key cases include In Re: Joaquin T. Borromeo, Santiago vs. Comelec, Lambino vs. Comelec, and Angara vs. Electoral Commission. These cases illustrate how the Supreme Court applies and interprets constitutional principles.

Criminal Law I

Criminal Law I deals with the general principles of criminal law, including its sources, the concept of criminal responsibility, and the execution stages. 

You will learn about the legality principle, the elements of felonies, and the circumstances that affect criminal liability. The subject also introduces landmark cases that clarify the application of criminal intent and liability, helping you understand how abstract legal rules are enforced in real-life situations.

Persons and Family Relations

Persons and Family Relations covers the legal concepts of personality, marriage, family, and property relations. This subject explores the requisites and effects of marriage, grounds for annulment and legal separation, and the rules on parental authority and adoption. 

You will also study property regimes between spouses and the legal implications of family relationships. Cases discussed in class illustrate how courts resolve marriage and family rights disputes, making the subject highly relevant to everyday legal practice.

Second Semester Subjects

Basic Legal and Judicial Ethics

Basic Legal and Judicial Ethics focuses on the ethical responsibilities of lawyers and judges in the Philippines. You will study the Code of Professional Responsibility and the rules governing professional conduct, conflict of interest, and disciplinary proceedings. 

The subject emphasizes the importance of integrity, confidentiality, and public trust in the legal profession. Recent Supreme Court decisions on legal ethics are discussed to show how ethical standards are applied in practice.

Obligations and Contracts

Obligations and Contracts introduces you to the general principles governing obligations, including their sources, elements, and effects. You will learn how contracts are formed, interpreted, and enforced, the consequences of breach, and the remedies available. 

The subject covers key doctrines on the classification of obligations, extinguishment, and the rules on damages. Cases illustrate how courts resolve disputes over contract interpretation and enforcement.

Constitutional Law II

Constitutional Law II provides an in-depth study of human rights and constitutional protections under the 1987 Constitution. You will examine key jurisprudence on civil liberties, due process, and equal protection. 

The course discusses how the Supreme Court has interpreted and applied these rights in cases such as Imbong vs. Ochoa and Oposa vs. Factoran. Understanding these decisions is crucial for grasping the dynamic nature of constitutional law in the Philippines.

Criminal Law II

Criminal Law II delves into the detailed study of specific crimes and their corresponding penalties. You will analyze the elements of crimes such as homicide, theft, and rape, and learn how aggravating and mitigating circumstances affect criminal liability. 

Landmark cases like People vs. Molina are discussed to illustrate how the Supreme Court applies criminal law doctrines in real cases. This subject builds on the foundations in Criminal Law I and prepares you for more advanced criminal law topics.

For a complete guide on first-year law school subjects, click here. 

Practical Tips for Law Students

  • Stay organized using planners or digital tools to track your readings, deadlines, and recitations.

  • Master the art of case briefing by focusing on each case's facts, issues, rulings, and reasoning.

  • Practice oral recitation with classmates to build confidence and improve your ability to answer questions on the spot.

  • Seek mentorship from upper-level students and professors who can provide valuable guidance and support.

  • Remember to balance your studies with self-care, including rest, nutrition, and social activities, to avoid burnout.

Key Takeaways

  • First-year law school subjects provide the essential building blocks for your legal education.

  • Both theoretical concepts and landmark cases are crucial for understanding and applying the law.

  • Legal research and writing skills are foundational and will serve you throughout your law studies and career.

  • Consistent study habits and self-care are key to succeeding in law school.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the best way to prepare for law school recitations?

Practicing case briefing, anticipating possible questions, and discussing topics with peers are effective strategies.

How important are landmark cases in first-year subjects?

Landmark cases illustrate key doctrines and are often cited in exams and class discussions.

What resources should I use for legal research and writing?

Start with your school’s library, online legal databases, and official Supreme Court websites for up-to-date materials.

How do I balance multiple demanding subjects?

Create a study schedule, prioritize challenging topics, and don’t hesitate to seek help from professors or study groups.

What should I do if I struggle with a particular subject?

Consult your professors, join study groups, and review case digests and supplementary materials for a clearer understanding.

Keep Going: You’re Ready to Conquer First Year in Law School

Starting your first year in law school can feel overwhelming, but remember, every great lawyer began right where you are now. With a clear understanding of your core subjects and the proper study tools, you’re already on the path to success.

This article has given you an overview of the essential first-year subjects and pointed you toward valuable resources like Supreme Court decisions, free legal case digests, and AI legal tools to make your study smarter. Don’t forget to check out law school reviewers to reinforce your learning and stay ahead.

Stay curious and keep practicing—law school is a journey, not a sprint. You’ve got this

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