Aerial Navigation in Philippine Territory

Case Overview and Summary

Summary of Proclamation No. 323 on Aerial Navigation in Philippine Territory

Restrictions on Aircraft Flights:
- No aircraft other than those of the United States and Philippine governments shall fly over any Philippine territory. (Section 1)
- No flying by non-U.S. and non-Philippine government aircraft within:
    - 15 miles from Corregidor Island and Subic Bay (Section 2a)
    - 6 miles from Cavite Peninsula, except for authorized aircraft entering/leaving Manila Bay through the South Channel at an altitude not exceeding 300 feet (Section 2b)

Exceptions and Requirements:
- Trans-oceanic goodwill flights with prior permission shall be escorted by army planes through a definite route upon entering Philippine territory. (Section 3)
- Private aircraft must obtain a license from the Director of Aeronautics as per Commonwealth Act No. 168 and regulations. (Section 4)

Prohibitions:
- Aerial photography of any part of Philippine territory is prohibited, except by the U.S. and Philippine governments or authorized agencies. (Section 5)
- Non-U.S. and non-Philippine government aircraft cannot carry aerial photography equipment without special written permission from the President of the Philippines. (Section 6)

Enforcement:
- Violations shall be dealt with in accordance with the law. (Section 7)

Revocation and Effective Date:
- Previous conflicting proclamations and executive orders are revoked. (Section 8)
- The regulations became effective on September 24, 1938. (Section 9)