CITIZENSHIP RETENTION AND RE-ACQUISITION ACT OF 2003

Case Overview and Summary

Summary of Republic Act No. 9225 (Citizenship Retention and Re-acquisition Act of 2003)

Declaration of Policy (Section 2)
- The State declares that all Philippine citizens who acquire foreign citizenship shall be deemed not to have lost their Philippine citizenship under the conditions of this Act.

Retention of Philippine Citizenship (Section 3)
- Natural-born Philippine citizens who become citizens of a foreign country shall retain their Philippine citizenship upon taking an Oath of Allegiance to the Republic.
- The Oath of Allegiance is: "I _____________________, solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the Republic of the Philippines and obey the laws and legal orders promulgated by the duly constituted authorities of the Philippines; and I hereby declare that I recognize and accept the supreme authority of the Philippines and will maintain true faith and allegiance thereto; and that I impose this obligation upon myself voluntarily without mental reservation or purpose of evasion."

Derivative Citizenship (Section 4)
- The unmarried child, whether legitimate, illegitimate or adopted, below eighteen (18) years of age, of those who re-acquire Philippine citizenship under this Act shall be deemed a citizen of the Philippines.

Civil and Political Rights and Liabilities (Section 5)
- Those who retain or re-acquire Philippine citizenship under this Act shall enjoy full civil and political rights and be subject to all attendant liabilities and responsibilities under existing laws of the Philippines, with the following conditions:
1. To exercise the right of suffrage, they must meet the requirements under Section 1, Article V of the Constitution, Republic Act No. 9189 (The Overseas Absentee Voting Act of 2003), and other existing laws. (Section 5(1))
2. Those seeking elective public office in the Philippines shall meet the qualifications for holding such public office as required by the Constitution and existing laws, and at the time of filing the certificate of candidacy, make a personal and sworn renunciation of any and all foreign citizenship before any public officer authorized to administer an oath. (Section 5(2))
3. Those appointed to any public office shall subscribe and swear to an Oath of Allegiance to the Republic of the Philippines and its duly constituted authorities prior to their assumption of office, provided that they renounce their oath of allegiance to the country where they took that oath. (Section 5(3))
4. Those intending to practice their profession in the Philippines shall apply with the proper authority for a license or permit to engage in such practice. (Section 5(4))
5. The right to vote or be elected or appointed to any public office in the Philippines cannot be exercised by, or extended to, those who: (a) are candidates for or are occupying any public office in the country of which they are naturalized citizens; and/or (b) are in active service as commissioned or non-commissioned officers in the armed forces of the country which they are naturalized citizens. (Section 5(5))

Separability Clause (Section 6)
- If any section or provision of this Act is held unconstitutional or invalid, any other section or provision not affected thereby shall remain valid and effective.

Repealing Clause (Section 7)
- All laws, decrees, orders, rules and regulations inconsistent with the provisions of this Act are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.

Effectivity Clause (Section 8)
- This Act shall take effect after fifteen (15) days following its publication in the Official Gazette or two (2) newspapers of general circulation.