CIVIL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

Case Overview and Summary

Summary of the Civil Code of the Philippines

General Provisions
- Defines the scope and application of the Civil Code (Articles 1-36)
- Covers human relations, property rights, and obligations and contracts
- Establishes rules on the effectivity and interpretation of laws (Articles 1-13)
- Defines the scope of laws and customs (Articles 14-18)

Book I: Persons and Family Relations

Title I: Civil Personality
- Defines natural and juridical persons (Articles 37-49)
- Establishes rules on citizenship, domicile, and residence (Articles 48-54)

Title II: Marriage
- Defines the nature and requisites of marriage (Articles 52-73)
- Covers void and voidable marriages (Articles 80-89)
- Establishes rules on the authority to solemnize marriages (Articles 92-96)

Title III: Legal Separation
- Covers the grounds and effects of legal separation (Articles 97-107)

Title IV: Voidable Marriages and Annulment Proceedings
- Defines voidable marriages and grounds for annulment (Articles 108-113)

Title V: Divorce (Articles 114-116)

Title VI: Filiation
- Covers legitimate children and their rights (Articles 164-167)
- Establishes rules on the proof of filiation (Articles 168-175)
- Covers legitimated children (Articles 176-182)
- Covers illegitimate children and their rights (Articles 283-292)

Title VII: Adoption (Articles 334-348)

Title VIII: Parental Authority
- Defines parental authority and its effects (Articles 349-367)
- Covers substitute parental authority (Articles 368-379)

Title IX: Absence
- Covers provisional measures in case of absence (Articles 381-383)
- Establishes rules on the declaration of absence (Articles 384-386)
- Covers the administration of property of the absentee (Articles 387-389)
- Defines presumption of death (Articles 390-392)
- Covers the effects of absence on contingent rights (Articles 393-396)

Title X: Emancipation and Age of Majority
- Defines emancipation and its effects (Articles 397-401)
- Establishes the age of majority (Articles 402-406)

Title XI: Civil Register (Articles 407-413)

Book II: Property, Ownership, and Its Modifications

Title I: Classification of Property
- Classifies property as immovable or movable (Articles 414-426)

Title II: Ownership
- Defines ownership and its rights (Articles 427-438)
- Covers the right of accession (Articles 439-481)
- Covers the quieting of title (Articles 476-481)
- Covers ruinous buildings and trees in danger of falling (Articles 482-483)

Title III: Co-Ownership (Articles 484-501)

Title IV: Some Special Properties
- Covers waters (Articles 502-518)
- Covers minerals (Article 519)
- Covers trade-marks and trade-names (Articles 520-522)

Title V: Possession (Articles 523-561)

Title VI: Usufruct (Articles 562-612)

Title VII: Easements or Servitudes
- Covers easements in general (Articles 613-619)
- Covers the modes of acquiring easements (Articles 620-626)
- Covers the rights and obligations of the owners of the dominant and servient estates (Articles 627-630)
- Covers the modes of extinguishment of easements (Articles 631-633)
- Covers legal easements (Articles 634-689)
- Covers voluntary easements (Articles 688-693)

Title VIII: Nuisance (Articles 694-707)

Title IX: Registry of Property (Articles 708-711)

Book III: Different Modes of Acquiring Ownership

Title I: Occupation (Articles 713-720)

Title II: Intellectual Creation (Articles 721-724)

Title III: Donation
- Defines the nature of donations (Articles 725-734)
- Covers persons who may give or receive donations (Articles 735-744)
- Covers the effects of donations and limitations (Articles 750-771)
- Covers the revocation and reduction of donations (Articles 760-773)

Title IV: Succession
- Covers general provisions on succession (Articles 774-782)
- Covers testamentary succession (Articles 783-914)
- Covers disinheritance (Articles 915-923)
- Covers legacies and devises (Articles 924-959)
- Covers legal or intestate succession (Articles 960-1014)
- Covers provisions common to testate and intestate successions (Articles 1015-1057)

Title V: Estoppel (Articles 1431-1439)

Title VI: Trusts
- Covers general provisions on trusts (Articles 1440-1442)
- Covers express trusts (Articles 1443-1446)
- Covers implied trusts (Articles 1447-1457)

Title VII: Sales
- Covers the nature and form of the contract of sale (Articles 1458-1487)
- Covers the capacity to buy or sell (Articles 1489-1492)
- Covers the effects of the contract when the thing sold has been lost (Articles 1493-1494)
- Covers the obligations of the vendor (Articles 1495-1544)
- Covers the obligations of the vendee (Articles 1582-1593)
- Covers actions for breach of contract of sale of goods (Articles 1594-1599)
- Covers the extinguishment of sale (Article 1600)
- Covers conventional redemption (Articles 1601-1619)
- Covers legal redemption (Articles 1620-1623)
- Covers the assignment of credits and other incorporeal rights (Articles 1624-1634)
- Covers general provisions on sales (Articles 1636-1637)

Title VIII: Barter or Exchange (Articles 1638-1641)

Title IX: Lease
- Covers general provisions on lease (Articles 1642-1645)
- Covers the lease of rural and urban lands (Articles 1646-1689)
- Covers work and labor (Articles 1689-1711)
- Covers contract for a piece of work (Articles 1713-1731)
- Covers common carriers (Articles 1732-1766)

Title X: Partnership
- Covers general provisions on partnership (Articles 1767-1776)
- Covers the obligations of the partners (Articles 1784-1809)
- Covers the property rights of a partner (Articles 1810-1814)
- Covers the obligations of the partners with regard to third persons (Articles 1815-1825)
- Covers the dissolution and winding up of partnerships (Articles 1828-1842)
- Covers limited partnerships (Articles 1843-1867)

Title XI: Agency
- Covers the nature, form and kinds of agency (Articles 1868-1878)
- Covers the obligations of the agent (Articles 1884-1920)
- Covers the obligations of the principal (Articles 1910-1918)
- Covers the modes of extinguishment of agency (Articles 1919-1932)

Title XII: Loan
- Covers general provisions on loan (Articles 1933-1934)
- Covers commodatum (Articles 1935-1952)
- Covers simple loan or mutuum (Articles 1953-1961)

Title XIII: Deposit
- Covers deposit in general and its different kinds (Articles 1962-1967)
- Covers voluntary deposit (Articles 1968-1995)
- Covers necessary deposit (Articles 1996-2004)
- Covers sequestration or judicial deposit (Articles 2005-2009)

Title XIV: Aleatory Contracts
- Covers general provisions on aleatory contracts (Article 2010)
- Covers insurance (Articles 2011-2012)
- Covers gambling (Articles 2013-2020)
- Covers life annuity (Articles 2021-2027)

Title XV: Compromises and Arbitrations
- Covers compromises (Articles 2028-2041)
- Covers arbitrations (Articles 2042-2046)

Title XVI: Guaranty
- Covers the nature and extent of guaranty (Articles 2047-2057)
- Covers the effects of guaranty (Articles 2058-2081)
- Covers legal and judicial bonds (Articles 2082-2084)

Title XVII: Pledge, Mortgage and Antichresis
- Covers provisions common to pledge and mortgage (Articles 2085-2092)
- Covers pledge (Articles 2093-2123)
- Covers mortgage (Articles 2124-2131)
- Covers antichresis (Articles 2132-2139)
- Covers chattel mortgage (Articles 2140-2141)

Title XVIII: Extra-Contractual Obligations
- Covers quasi-contracts (Articles 2142-2175)
- Covers quasi-delicts (Articles 2176-2194)

Title XIX: Damages
- Covers general provisions on damages (Articles 2195-2198)
- Covers actual or compensatory damages (Articles 2199-2215)
- Covers other kinds of damages (Articles 2216-2235)

Title XX: Concurrence and Preference of Credits
- Covers general provisions on concurrence and preference of credits (Articles 2236-2240)
- Covers the classification of credits (Articles 2241-2245)
- Covers the order of preference of credits (Articles 2246-2251)

Transitional Provisions (Articles 2252-2269)

Repealing Clause (Article 2270)