Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010

Case Overview and Summary

Summary of Republic Act No. 10121 - Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Act of 2010

Declaration of Policy (Section 2)
• Uphold people's rights to life and property by addressing disaster vulnerabilities, strengthening institutional capacity, and building community resilience.
• Adhere to international humanitarian norms and global risk reduction efforts.
• Incorporate disaster risk management principles in development and poverty reduction strategies.
• Adopt a holistic, multi-sectoral, and community-based approach to disaster risk reduction and management.
• Develop a comprehensive National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan (NDRRMP).
• Mainstream disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in development processes.
• Institutionalize policies, structures, and programs for disaster risk reduction with continuous funding.
• Engage civil society organizations (CSOs), private sector, and volunteers in disaster risk reduction efforts.
• Provide maximum care, assistance, and services to disaster-affected individuals and families.

National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (NDRRMC) (Sections 5-8)
• Formerly the National Disaster Coordinating Council, headed by the Secretary of National Defense.
• Composed of various government agencies, CSOs, and private sector representatives (Section 5).
• Powers and functions include developing the NDRRMP, advising the President, establishing early warning systems, managing disaster funds, and coordinating with stakeholders (Section 6).
• Chairperson has authority to call upon government agencies, CSOs, and private sector for assistance (Section 7).
• Office of Civil Defense (OCD) serves as the operational arm and secretariat of the NDRRMC (Section 8).

Office of Civil Defense (OCD) (Section 9)
• Primary mission is administering a comprehensive national civil defense and disaster risk reduction program.
• Powers and functions include formulating and implementing the NDRRMP, developing national standards, training and capacity building, and coordinating with LGUs.
• Shall establish Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Training Institutes.
• Shall operate the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Operations Center (NDRRMOC).

Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management (Sections 10-13)
• Regional Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Councils (RDRRMCs) coordinate and supervise Local DRRMCs (Section 10).
• Local DRRMCs composed of local government officials, CSOs, and private sector representatives (Section 11).
• Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Offices (LDRRMOs) established at provincial, city, and municipal levels (Section 12).
• Barangay Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Committees (BDRRMCs) established at the barangay level (Section 12).
• Functions include disaster risk assessment, contingency planning, early warning systems, and emergency response (Section 12).
• Accreditation and mobilization of disaster volunteers, CSOs, and private sector (Section 13).

Disaster Risk Reduction Education and Training (Section 14)
• Integration of disaster risk reduction education into school curricula and Sangguniang Kabataan programs.
• Mandatory training for public sector employees in emergency response and preparedness.

Coordination During Emergencies and Declaration of State of Calamity (Sections 15-17)
• LDRRMCs take the lead in disaster response based on the affected area (Section 15).
• The President may declare a state of calamity upon recommendation of the NDRRMC (Section 16).
• Declaration of state of calamity mandates remedial measures such as price controls, fund reprogramming, and no-interest loans (Section 17).

International Humanitarian Assistance and Prohibited Acts (Sections 18-20)
• Importation and donation of relief goods are authorized (Section 18).
• Lists prohibited acts related to disaster relief operations (Section 19).
• Penalties for prohibited acts include fines from Php50,000 to Php500,000, imprisonment from 6 years and 1 day to 12 years, and perpetual disqualification from public office (Section 20).

Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Funds (Sections 21-23)
• Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDRRMF) - at least 5% of estimated revenue from regular sources, with 30% allocated as Quick Response Fund (Section 21).
• National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (NDRRM Fund) - appropriated under the General Appropriations Act, with 30% allocated as Quick Response Fund (Section 22).
• OCD allocated a Php1,000,000,000.00 revolving fund (Section 23).

Reporting, Implementation, and Oversight (Sections 24-27)
• NDRRMC to submit an annual report to the President, Senate, and House of Representatives (Section 24).
• Implementing rules and regulations to be issued by the NDRRMC within 90 days (Section 25).
• Congressional Oversight Committee to monitor and oversee implementation (Section 26).
• Sunset review to be conducted within 5 years to evaluate the Act's impact and performance (Section 27).