Philippine Environmental Code

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Case Agency Issuance Number Published Date

Philippine Environmental Code

Presidential Decree No. 1152

June 6, 1977

Case Overview and Summary

PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL CODE

Air Quality Management
- Establishes ambient air quality standards to protect public health and prevent damage to plant, animal life and property. (Section 3)
- Sets national emission standards for stationary and mobile pollution sources, considering factors like industry type, control technology, location, and pollutants emitted. (Section 4)
- Establishes community noise standards and standards for noise-producing equipment like construction, transportation, and electrical equipment. (Sections 5-6)
- Encourages research on aircraft emissions and sonic booms to establish permissible standards and mitigate effects. (Section 7)
- Assigns enforcement of air quality, emission, and noise standards to the National Pollution Control Commission and other agencies. (Sections 8-11)
- Requires an air quality monitoring network and monitoring of meteorological factors affecting environmental conditions. (Sections 12-13)

Water Quality Management
- Aims to protect and improve water quality through classification of waters, water quality standards, pollution prevention, and incident mitigation. (Section 14)
- Requires classification of Philippine waters based on existing quality, size, flow rate, and beneficial uses. (Section 15)
- Allows reclassification of waters based on intended use and upgrading of water quality if deteriorated. (Sections 16-17)
- Establishes water quality and effluent standards based on water use classification and pollution control technology. (Section 18)
- Regulates production, use, storage, and disposal of hazardous substances and untreated wastewater that may pollute water bodies. (Section 19)
- Requires polluters to contain, remove, and clean up water pollution incidents at their own expense. (Section 20)
- Mandates a water quality surveillance and monitoring network by relevant agencies. (Section 21)

Land Use Management
- Aims to ensure efficient and prudent use of land resources and prevent imbalance between needs and resources. (Section 22)
- Requires the Human Settlements Commission to formulate a national land use scheme considering factors like land inventory, present use, adaptability, environmental concerns, and regional development. (Section 23)
- Requires consideration of social, economic, geographic, and environmental impacts when locating industries and establishments. (Section 24)

Natural Resources Management and Conservation
- Provides policy on managing and conserving natural resources for optimum benefits and preservation for future generations. (Section 25)
- Establishes systems for rational exploitation of fisheries, aquatic resources, wildlife, forest resources, and mineral resources, with measures like manpower development, facilities, regulation, conservation, and research. (Sections 26-41)
- Regulates use of fertilizers and pesticides in agriculture and prescribes tolerance levels. (Section 32)
- Includes soil conservation programs, watershed protection, scientific farming techniques, and research. (Section 33)
- Outlines measures for flood control, water conservation, and mitigating effects of natural calamities like typhoons and earthquakes. (Sections 34-35)
- Encourages utilization of renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and tidal energy, with measures like pilot plants, personnel training, and research. (Sections 36-37)
- Requires safety measures and internationally accepted standards for nuclear and geothermal energy facilities. (Section 38)
- Mandates measures for conservation and improvement of water resources and prevention of water pollution. (Section 39)

Waste Management
- Aims to ensure effective waste management, resource recovery, recycling, and prevention of environmental damage. (Section 42)
- Requires provinces, cities, and municipalities to prepare and implement waste management programs with guidelines from the Department of Local Government and Community Development. (Section 43)
- Assigns responsibility to local governments for facilitating waste collection, transportation, processing, and disposal, with national government subsidy. (Section 44)
- Allows solid waste disposal methods like sanitary landfills, incineration, and composting, with regulations on location and operation. (Sections 45-49)
- Requires treatment of liquid waste from manufacturing, industries, and domestic sources before disposal. (Section 50)
- Prohibits dumping of solid and liquid waste into the sea and navigable waters, except in cases of immediate danger, subject to regulations. (Sections 49, 51)

Miscellaneous Provisions
- Requires consideration of population-environment balance in assessing development projects. (Section 52)
- Mandates environmental education in school curricula and community education programs. (Section 53)
- Promotes environmental research and determines priority areas. (Section 54)
- Monitors and disseminates environmental information from foreign sources. (Section 55)
- Provides incentives like tax exemptions, credits, and deductions for pollution control facilities and research. (Section 56)
- Allows financial assistance for environmental protection facilities, especially for waste disposal in cities, municipalities, and small-medium industries. (Section 57)
- Requires participation of local government units and private individuals in environmental management and protection programs. (Section 58)
- Mandates preservation of historic and cultural resources and heritage. (Section 59)
- Allows the National Environmental Protection Council to inquire into actions of environmental significance and conduct public hearings. (Sections 60-61)
- Defines key terms related to air quality, water quality, land use, hazardous substances, environmental impact, and government agencies. (Section 62)
- Includes separability and effectivity clauses. (Sections 63-64)

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Philippine Environmental Code

Presidential Decree No. 1152

•

June 6, 1977

MALACAÑANGM a n i l a PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 1152 PHILIPPINE ENVIRONMENTAL CODE WHEREAS, the broad spectrum of environment has become a matter of vital concern to the government; WHEREAS, the national leadership has taken a step towards this direction by creating the National Environmental Protection Council under Presidential Decree No. 1121; WHEREAS, it is necessary that the creation of the Council be implemented with the launching of a comprehensive program of environmental protection and management; WHEREAS, such a program can assume tangible and meaningful significance only by establishing specific environment management policies and prescribing environment quality standards in a Philippine Environment Code: NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Republic of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested in me by the Constitution, do hereby order and decree: Section 1. Short Title. This Decree shall be known and cited as the "Philippine Environment Code." TITLE IAIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT Section 2. Purposes. The purposes of this Title are: (a) to achieve and maintain such levels of air quality as to protect public...

Amends

n/a

Amended by

n/a

Philippine Environmental Code

Philippine Environmental Code

Presidential Decree No. 1152

June 6, 1977

Case Overview and Summary

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