A Latin term which refers to a case or controversy that is already decided with finality and, therefore, deemed conclusive insofar as it applies to the subject matter of the controversy until and unless it is reversed. It is an established judicial doctrine in equity which mandates that the final decision of a court adjudicating the dispute becomes the law between the parties. By extension, Supreme Court decisions on particular issues assume the force of law for any similar controversy. (Fundamentals of Decision Writing for Judges, Philippine Judicial Academy)