Unlike other professions where uniforms are standard—such as doctors in their white coats or police officers in their uniforms—lawyers have the freedom to curate their own power outfits in court. For some, this added choice can feel like an unnecessary burden amid their many responsibilities. But for others, dressing with intention is an underrated guilty pleasure—an opportunity to exude confidence and authority beyond the usual monochromatic hues. The right attire can reinforce a lawyer’s presence, professionalism, and even influence perceptions in the courtroom. Moreover, the last thing any lawyer would want is to be reprimanded by a judge during a hearing for improper attire.

So, how do you strike the perfect balance between style, tradition, and the unspoken rules of legal fashion? Let’s explore the essentials of power dressing for legal professionals.

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For a deeper dive into courtroom conduct and decorum, read Attending Court Hearings: What to Expect and How to Prepare.

Courtroom Style Check: Dressing by the Rules

The 2023 Code of Professional Responsibility and Accountability (A.M. No. 22-09-01-SC) embodies the ethical responsibilities of a Filipino lawyer, emphasizing the values of independence, propriety, fidelity, competence and diligence, equality, and accountability in fulfilling their duties to society, the legal profession, the courts, and their clients. These values serve as the guiding canons of the CPRA.

Canon II, which upholds the principle of Propriety, mandates that lawyers maintain dignity, professionalism, and ethical integrity in their conduct. It sets forth various responsibilities, including Proper Conduct (Sec. 1) and Dignified Conduct (Sec. 2), among others.

Moreover, in the case of Falcis III v. Civil Registrar, Justice Leonen, as the ponente, equated improper court attire to a lack of preparedness, which in itself constitutes a violation of the code of conduct for lawyers. To quote:

“The preliminary conference was not mere make-work. Rather, it was essential to the orderly conduct of proceedings and, ultimately, to the judicious disposition of this case. Appearance in it by counsels and parties should not be taken lightly.”

While there is no specific provision of law that dictates exactly what a lawyer should or should not wear, it is imperative that legal practitioners dress in a manner befitting the dignity of the profession and the solemnity of court proceedings. Attire should reflect respect for the court, the legal process, and the parties involved, reinforcing the lawyer’s role as an officer of the court. Deviation from professional and appropriate attire may not only invite judicial reprimand but could also undermine a lawyer’s credibility and the perception of their preparedness and competence.

Courtroom Attire Do’s and Don'ts

The primary guidelines on courtroom attire for lawyers, judges, and court employees are outlined in Supreme Court Administrative Circular No. 42-2013, further reinforced by Memorandum Order No. 12-2020 and OCA Circular No. 62-2022. Non-compliance with these dress code regulations may result in disciplinary action, with judges authorized to sanction lawyers who fail to adhere to proper courtroom attire.

To maintain professionalism and decorum, the following rules must be observed:

1. Skirts must be at least knee-length, with an allowance of up to one inch above the knee.

2. Footwear should be closed and formal, though mules, slingback shoes, and peep-toe shoes are permitted.

3. Prohibited attire in court includes:

   1. Transparent or net-like blouses/shirts

   2. Sleeveless, strapless, or spaghetti-strapped tops, as well as tank tops (unless worn as undershirts)

   3. Collarless t-shirts (collarless blouses, however, are allowed)

   4. Micro-mini skirts, walking shorts, cycling shorts, leggings, tights, jogging pants, and pedal pushers

   5. Sandals, step-ins exposing the toes, rubber sandals, slippers, and bakya

   6. Clothing or accessories bearing political endorsements, unless expressly authorized under Joint COMELEC and CSC Circular No. 001, Series of 2016

4. Male judges and court personnel must maintain a neat and professional appearance, avoiding long, unkempt hair, earrings, or other body ornaments.

5. Identification cards (I.D.) are considered part of the official uniform and must be worn at all times while on duty, regardless of IATF Alert Levels.

These regulations apply not only to judges and court personnel but also to lawyers and litigants, ensuring that all individuals present in court uphold the dignity and solemnity of judicial proceedings. However, these guidelines does not apply to those in the Maintenance and Security Divisions, Medical and Dental Services, and the Philippine Judicial Academy Training Center (PTC), who shall wear attire suited to their duties (e.g., cargo pants, scrub suits, PPE, security uniforms, PTC attire), regardless of IATF Alert Levels.

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Beyond the Courtroom

While courtroom attire demands strict adherence to formal dress codes, a lawyer’s out-of-court outfit allows for more flexibility while still maintaining professionalism. Whether attending client meetings, depositions, legal conferences, or networking events, lawyers should aim for a polished yet approachable look that reflects their credibility and expertise. Business casual is often the preferred choice—well-tailored slacks, button-down shirts, or blouses paired with blazers strike the right balance between authority and ease. Women may opt for midi skirts or structured dresses, while men can forgo ties but should still maintain a sharp, put-together appearance. While there is more room for personal style outside the courtroom, dressing neatly and appropriately remains essential to reinforcing a lawyer’s professional image and commanding respect in any legal setting.

Importance of Power Dressing in the Legal Profession

The legal profession is not a runway for fashion statements, but dressing professionally, respectfully, and intelligently offers undeniable advantages. A lawyer’s attire should reflect competence, credibility, and attention to detail without being flashy or frivolous.

First impressions matter. While appearance won’t win a case, it can influence how others perceive and interact with you. Judges, clients, and opposing counsel may afford more respect to a well-dressed lawyer. In Philippine courts, professional business attire—such as a suit or formal dress—is expected as a sign of respect for the court. Notably, in Falcis III v. Civil Registrar, Atty. Falcis, the petitioner, was advocating for what could have been a landmark case for the LGBT community. However, the Supreme Court dismissed the case on procedural grounds and cited him for contempt for appearing in a casual jacket, cropped jeans, and loafers without socks, underscoring the importance of adhering to proper courtroom attire.

Beyond external perceptions, a polished and well-groomed appearance fosters confidence and reinforces a strong presence. Looking the part is very much part of the job.

Conclusion

Striking the right balance between style, comfort, and professionalism is key. While adhering to formal dress codes in court is essential, lawyers can still express their personal style within the bounds of propriety. Beyond aesthetics, a well-groomed and polished appearance can boost confidence, command respect, and influence perceptions in both courtroom and client interactions. Ultimately, dressing the part is not just about looking good—it’s about reinforcing the dignity of the legal profession and ensuring that lawyers present themselves as capable and trustworthy advocates.

Source: https://oca.judiciary.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/OCA-Circular-No.-62-2022.pdf